School Uniforms - Pro. Con. org. School uniforms may deter crime and increase student safety. In Long Beach, CA, after two years of a district- wide K- 8 mandatory uniform policy, reports of assault and battery in the district's schools decreased by 3. A 2. 01. 2 peer- reviewed study found that one year after Sparks Middle School in Nevada instituted a uniform policy, school police data showed a 6. A 2. 01. 0 peer- reviewed study found that schools with uniform policies had 1. A 2. 00. 7 peer- reviewed study found that, in schools with historically higher rates of sexual violence, sexual attacks were less likely if uniform policies were in place. School uniforms also prevent students from concealing weapons under baggy clothing, make it easier to keep track of students on field trips, and make intruders on campus more visible. Frank Quatrone, superintendent in the Lodi district of New Jersey, stated in Feb. When you have students dressed alike, you make them safer. If someone were to come into a building, the intruder could easily be recognized." School uniforms keep students focused on their education, not their clothes. A bulletin published by the National Association of Secondary School Principals stated that "When all students are wearing the same outfit, they are less concerned about how they look and how they fit in with their peers; thus, they can concentrate on their schoolwork." A 2. University of Houston study found that elementary school girls' language test scores increased by about three percentile points after uniforms were introduced. Former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, when she was a 2. Headlines. August 25 - OHSAA Endorses USA Football's Heads Up Football Program: August 15 - Risk Minimization Addressed in High School Boys Lacrosse Rules Changes: August 10 - Broadcast Update: New PSAs, Broadcasters. OHSAA Officiating Calendar. Annual Permit Renewal Period: June 1-30. Renewal Deadline with $50 Late Fee. Fall Sports: July 31. Winter Sports: Oct. 31. Spring Sports: Jan. 31. Change Classification. Football. Introduction. Welcome Letter. Welcome to Sky Mountain Charter School! You have chosen an exciting form of education for your children—home-based personalized learning. We trust that this parent manual will be a helpful. North Davidson Band Boosters: North Davidson Band Boosters is a non-profit organization whose mission is to support the band programs at North Davidson High School and North Davidson Middle School by participating in. US presidential candidate, advocated school uniforms as a way to help students focus on learning: "Take that [clothing choices] off the table and put the focus on school, not on what you're wearing." Chris Hammons, Principal of Woodland Middle School in Coeur d'Alene, ID, stated that uniforms "provide for less distraction, less drama, and more of a focus on learning." School uniforms create a level playing field among students, reducing peer pressure and bullying. When all students are dressed alike, competition between students over clothing choices and the teasing of those who are dressed in less expensive or less fashionable outfits can be eliminated. In a 2. 01. 3 survey by the National Association of Elementary School Principals (NAESP) and uniform manufacturer Lands' End, 8. Arminta Jacobson, Founder and Director of the Center for Parent Education at the University of North Texas, stated that uniforms put "all kids on the same playing field in terms of their appearance. I think it probably gives them a sense of belonging and a feeling of being socially accepted." Virginia B. Draa, Assistant Professor of Human Ecology at Youngstown State University, said uniforms can decrease peer pressure and blur class lines between students. Wearing uniforms enhances school pride, unity, and community spirit. A 2. 00. 7 study from Oxford Brookes University in the United Kingdom found that uniforms "often directly contributed to a feeling of school pride." Christopher P. Clouet, Superintendent of the New London, CT school district, stated that "the wearing of uniforms contributes to school pride." A 2. Texas middle school students found that students in uniform "reported significantly more positive perceptions of belonging in their school community than reported by students in the standard dress group." Arnold Goldstein, Ph. D, head of the Center for Research on Aggression at Syracuse University, stated that uniforms help troubled students feel they have the support of a community: "There is a sense of belonging." A 2. Teachers perceived an increase in the level of respect, caring, and trust.. School uniforms may improve attendance and discipline. A 2. 01. 0 study by researchers at the University of Houston found that the average absence rate for girls in middle and high school decreased by 7% after the introduction of uniforms. The study also found that "behavioral problems shift[ed] towards less severe infractions." A 2. Rules & Publications. FHSAA rules and policies are published annually in the FHSAA Handbook, FHSAA sports manuals and the FHSAA Officials Guidebook. Supplemental publications include the FHSAA Member School Directory. All or. The Royal Hospital School, Holbrook; Mottoes: Reg Hosp Gren 'Celebrating Britain's seafaring heritage through educating for the future' 'The Cradle of the Navy' 'Fear God and Honour the King' (Greenwich) Association: Otia Tuta. Welcome to the Academy of Excellence Charter School. Academy of Excellence (AOE) is located near the Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport. AOE was founded in 1998 by Ms. Brenda Nelson and a board of volunteers who felt the need to. School uniforms keep students focused on their education, not their clothes. A bulletin published by the National Association of Secondary School Principals stated that 'When all students are wearing the same outfit, they are. Youngstown State University study of secondary schools in Ohio's eight largest school districts found that school uniform policies improve rates of attendance, graduation, and suspension. During the first semester of a mandatory uniform program at John Adams Middle School in Albuquerque, NM, discipline referrals dropped from 1,5. Uniform policies save valuable class time because they are easier to enforce than a standard dress code. Doris Jo Murphy, Ed. D, former Director of Field Experiences at the University of North Texas College of Education, stated: "As an elementary assistant principal in two suburban districts, I can tell you that the dress code took up a great deal of my time in the area of discipline.. I wished many times that we had uniforms because the issue of skirts or shorts being too short, and baggy jeans and pants on the boys not being pulled up as they needed to be, would have been a non- issue." Lyndhurst, NJ school district superintendent Tracey Marinelli had a similar experience before a uniform policy was introduced: "Kids were spending time in the office because they were not fulfilling the dress code.. That was time away from class." School uniforms prevent the display of gang colors and insignia. The US Department of Education's Manual on School Uniforms stated that uniform policies can "prevent gang members from wearing gang colors and insignia at school" in order to "encourage a safe environment." According to a 2. US Department of Justice report, almost 5. Educators in the Long Beach Unified School District have speculated that the sharp reduction in crime following the introduction of school uniforms was a result of gang conflicts being curbed. Osceola County, FL School Board member Jay Wheeler reported that the county's schools had a 4. Name: International Association of Athletics Federation (IAAF) Position: Con to the question 'Should Performance Enhancing Drugs (Such as Steroids) Be Accepted in Sports?' Reasoning. K- 1. 2 uniform policy (2. Wheeler stated that "clothing is integral to gang culture.. Imagine a U. S. Armed Forces recruiter out of uniform trying to recruit new soldiers; the success rate goes down. The same applies to gang recruitment." School uniforms make getting ready for school easier, which can improve punctuality. When uniforms are mandatory, parents and students do not spend time choosing appropriate outfits for the school day. According to a national 2. US school leaders believe school uniform or formal dress code policies "eliminate wardrobe battles with kids," make it "easier to get kids ready in the morning," and create a "time saving in the morning." Tracey Marinelli, Superintendent of the Lyndhurst School District in New Jersey, credited the district's uniform policy for reducing the number of students running late. Lyndhurst student Mike Morreale agreed, stating that "it's so much easier to dress than having to search for clothes and find out that something doesn't match." School uniforms can save parents money. Parents can reduce their financial burden when their children are limited to wearing one simple outfit every day. An Aug. 2. 0, 2. 01. United Kingdom found that uniforms cost parents £8. A national 2. 01. US school leaders found that 9. Uniform company French Toast states on their website that the average cost one of their complete school uniforms is $4. Without school uniform policies, parents may feel pressure to compete with other families by purchasing fashionable clothes for their children. Most parents and educators support mandatory school uniforms. A 2. 01. 3 survey by the National Association of Elementary School Principals (NAESP) and uniform manufacturer Lands' End found that a majority of school leaders believe their school uniform or formal dress code policies have had a positive impact on classroom discipline (8. A poll administered by the Harford County, MD school system in 2. The poll also found that 5. Students' legal right to free expression remains intact even with mandatory school uniforms. The US Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (7- 2, 1. Vietnam War, confirmed that students' constitutional right to free speech "does not relate to regulation of the length of skirts or the type of clothing." Wearing one's own choice of shirt or pants is not the "pure speech" protected by the Constitution. In Canady v. Bossier Parish School Board (3- 0, 2. US Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a school board's right to implement a mandatory uniform policy, stating that requiring uniforms for the purpose of increasing test scores and improving discipline "is in no way related to the suppression of student speech. Students] remain free to wear what they want after school hours. Students may still express their views through other mediums during the school day." In 1. Judge Michael D. Jones of Maricopa County Superior Court (AZ) ruled that mandatory uniform policies do not violate students' free speech rights even when there is no opt- out provision in the school's uniform policy. Students dressed in uniform are better perceived by teachers and peers. A 1. 99. 4 peer- reviewed study found that students in uniform were perceived by teachers and fellow students as being more academically proficient than students in regular clothes. The study also found that students in uniform were perceived by peers and teachers as having higher academic potential, and perceived by peers as being better behaved. Students can express their individuality in school uniforms by introducing variations and adding accessories Junior high school student Amelia Jimenez wrote in her op- ed for the Pennsylvania Patriot- News website that "contrary to popular belief, uniforms do not stop students from being themselves. Uniforms do not silence voices. Students can wear a variety of expressive items, such as buttons or jewlery." The Seventeen and Teen.
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In 1. 68. 7 he issued a Declaration of Indulgence, suspending the penal laws against dissenters and recusants, and in April 1. Declaration of Indulgence be read from every pulpit on two .. The USA Has a Monarchy. Let It Have a Glorious Revolution. This year marks the 1,0. When the United States began, the tradition in which it was founded was already 7. As I wrote recently in celebration of this magnificent anniversary, those who would protect freedom in our country badly scupper themselves by their ignorance of history, and there is perhaps no greater obstacle to our understanding of the history that matters than our founding myth. America was born as a liberty- protecting Republic in opposition to a tyrannical monarchy, so the story goes. While more and more Americans are (thankfully) beginning to see the myriad travesties against our liberty that are being performed by our governing elite as threatening our very identity as a nation that exists to defend natural, unalienable and individual rights, we are all doing very much less well at seeing quite how deeply the founding purpose of our country has been subverted. Monarchy has a simple meaning - - the . As Alexander Hamilton correctly said, . It marks not either the degree or duration of power. The fact that our king is elected for four years, then, does not change his status as a monarch. In America today, the president can sign executive orders such as E. O. Power only ever drives in one direction.) The Executive has also claimed the authority to strike militarily countries that do not threaten our own, without a supporting vote in the House, and even to kill American citizens without any independent legal process. There was no such thing as an executive order written by that Head of State. He did not have the means to surveil the nation en masse. And certainly, neither the decision to impose minimal taxes on the colonies to cover some of the costs of protecting them nor the decision to fight to keep them within the British empire, was made in one monarchical mind. In fact, the last English monarch to sign an executive order was James II, who in 1. Declaration of Indulgence, in which he used his . And what were the outcomes of this little piece of executive over- reach by James II? For this reason (and others), members of the polity, with popular support, overthrew him in what is known the Glorious Revolution. The British effectively ended the reign of the Stuarts (the royal House of which James was a part) by inviting William, Prince of Orange (in what is now the Netherlands), to take over the English monarchy. Specifically, the Bill asserted, 1. The pretended power of .. In other words, the executive order and the signing statement - - and most of what else of import the America president does unilaterally - - were strictly illegal 1. America's founding. America's 2. 1st century presidency concentrates more power in one man than existed in the hands of the monarch of the very country against whom we supposedly rebelled for liberty in the 1. What is even more shocking is in the old motherland, which retains its Monarch (capitalized as the position is now almost entirely ceremonial) and is run politically by a prime minister, the former has no power to act politically, and the prime minister has no power to act unilaterally. Indeed, if 1. 77. Without doubt, at the birth of our nation, Americans fought less of a monarchy than we now tolerate. More shamefully for us, even those English against whom (as we like to tell ourselves) we fought for higher ideals of liberty, had shed more blood over the centuries to rid themselves of a less monarchical government than exists in our country today. Surely, if we let stand what stands in America today, we give the lie to our supposed national identity, and bluster like a boorish adolescent who believes he is owed credit for the massive inheritance his father left him, despite the fact he's blown the lot. Seeing history rhyme with such consequence is sobering enough, but seeing the rhyme predicted by those making it happen almost stops the heart.. Remember William III, Prince of Orange, who was the figurehead of the Glorious Revolution against the last English monarch to issue an executive order? Fifty years after his death, the Prince of Orange was another William - - William V - - who watched, with deep engagement, the birth of the USA thousands of miles away. In a letter to John Adams, he wrote simply, . How very wrong we should make him. The United States has a monarchy: the time has come for a Glorious Revolution. Causes and effects of the Glorious Revolution, Democratic Development, Introduction to Democracy, HSIE Year 5, NSWWhat was the Glorious Revolution? The Glorious Revolution is the name given to a series of events that took place in the late 1. England. It was one of the final and decisive developments in the power struggle between the parliament and the monarchy in England. Background. The council of barons established by the Magna Carta (see chapter 1) grew over the centuries into a parliament which represented the church, wealthy noblemen like the barons, commoners and people from the emerging middle class. Gradually the parliament's role developed so that it was able to withhold revenue (money from the kingdom such as taxes) if the monarch did not deal with certain matters. It could make the king's ministers accountable for their actions by questioning them. It had also claimed for itself the right to debate issues freely without fear of being punished by the king or the courts for what was said in parliament (this is called 'parliamentary privilege'). There were, however, still struggles between the parliament and the king over which one of them could make and suspend laws, which one could raise taxes and which one chose who would be the next king or queen. Events happened throughout the 1. At one point a civil war occurred between the monarchy and the parliament. The parliament won and abolished the monarchy altogether but the monarchy was soon restored in the person of King Charles II. During his reign Charles tipped the scales the other way by dissolving parliament on several occasions. How did the Glorious Revolution come about? When Charles died in 1. James took the throne. Through his actions James lost all support from the parliament. He was a Catholic Christian while most members of parliament were Protestant Christians. He removed Protestant officials and people from the army and the church and replaced them with Catholics. He also suspended laws that the parliament had made because he believed they were unfair to Catholics. He tried to introduce his own laws which were more tolerant of Catholics. James had a large army, some of which he stationed near London. The parliament thought this was an aggressive act and that it might be a sign that James was going to try to gain absolute power for himself. Many of these actions were driven by the religious rivalry between the Catholic James and the Protestant parliament. But the parliament thought these problems would go away when James died because his daughter, Mary, who was next in line to the throne, was a Protestant. However, in 1. 68. James had a son. This sparked fears in the parliament that the son would now be next in line and that he might grow up to be a Catholic like his father. The parliament decided that these problems needed to be dealt with straight away. They invited Mary's husband William of Orange, who was a prince in the Netherlands, to invade England and replace James as the king. William did this and was supported by most English people so it was an easy victory for him. The parliament offered the throne to William and Mary together but only if they agreed to certain conditions. These conditions were set out in a document called the Bill of Rights which was signed by William and Mary in 1. What was contained in the Bill of Rights? The Bill of Rights made sure that the monarchy could not do the things that James had done. Under this document, if the king or queen wanted to have a standing army, raise taxes, make laws or suspend them they had to have parliament's permission first. The choice of successor to the throne was also given to parliament rather than to the king or queen. These new laws changed England (which became Great Britain soon afterwards) from an absolute monarchy (where the monarch has power) to a constitutional monarchy (where they have not much more than a ceremonial role). A constitutional monarchy acknowledges the monarch as the official head of state but the real power is in the hands of the parliament. The British system of government has remained a constitutional monarchy ever since this time. What did the Glorious Revolution contribute to the development of democracy? Since the signing of the Bill of Rights which made England a constitutional monarchy, the power balance between the monarchy and the parliament has shifted further and further in favour of the parliament. This has meant that the government of Britain (and the governments of those countries whose constitutions are modelled on the British system) has become more democratic because decisions are made by a group of people who are elected rather than by one person who inherits the throne by birthright. |
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